Recommendation

A Schema.org Type

Usage: (Google - August 2026)

Thing > CreativeWork > Review > Recommendation

[more...]

Canonical URL: https://schema.org/Recommendation
Check for open issues.

Recommendation is a type of Review that suggests or proposes something as the best option or best course of action. Recommendations may be for products or services, or other concrete things, as in the case of a ranked list or product guide. A Guide may list multiple recommendations for different categories. For example, in a Guide about which TVs to buy, the author may have several Recommendations.

Property	Expected Type	Description
Properties from Recommendation
`category`	CategoryCode or PhysicalActivityCategory or Text or Thing or URL	A category for the item. Greater signs or slashes can be used to informally indicate a category hierarchy.
Properties from Review
`associatedClaimReview`	Review	An associated ClaimReview, related by specific common content, topic or claim. The expectation is that this property would be most typically used in cases where a single activity is conducting both claim reviews and media reviews, in which case relatedMediaReview would commonly be used on a ClaimReview, while associatedClaimReview would be used on MediaReview.
`associatedMediaReview`	Review	An associated MediaReview, related by specific common content, topic or claim. The expectation is that this property would be most typically used in cases where a single activity is conducting both claim reviews and media reviews, in which case relatedMediaReview would commonly be used on a ClaimReview, while associatedClaimReview would be used on MediaReview.
`associatedReview`	Review	An associated Review.
`itemReviewed`	Thing	The item that is being reviewed/rated.
`negativeNotes`	ItemList or ListItem or Text or WebContent	Provides negative considerations regarding something, most typically in pro/con lists for reviews (alongside positiveNotes). For symmetry In the case of a Review, the property describes the itemReviewed from the perspective of the review; in the case of a Product, the product itself is being described. Since product descriptions tend to emphasise positive claims, it may be relatively unusual to find negativeNotes used in this way. Nevertheless for the sake of symmetry, negativeNotes can be used on Product. The property values can be expressed either as unstructured text (repeated as necessary), or if ordered, as a list (in which case the most negative is at the beginning of the list).
`positiveNotes`	ItemList or ListItem or Text or WebContent	Provides positive considerations regarding something, for example product highlights or (alongside negativeNotes) pro/con lists for reviews. In the case of a Review, the property describes the itemReviewed from the perspective of the review; in the case of a Product, the product itself is being described. The property values can be expressed either as unstructured text (repeated as necessary), or if ordered, as a list (in which case the most positive is at the beginning of the list).
`reviewAspect`	StructuredValue or Text	This Review or Rating is relevant to this part or facet of the itemReviewed.
`reviewBody`	Text	The actual body of the review.
`reviewRating`	Rating	The rating given in this review. Note that reviews can themselves be rated. The `reviewRating` applies to rating given by the review. The aggregateRating property applies to the review itself, as a creative work.
Properties from CreativeWork
`about`	Thing	The subject matter of an object. Inverse property: subjectOf
`abstract`	Text	An abstract is a short description that summarizes a CreativeWork.
`accessMode`	Text	The human sensory perceptual system or cognitive faculty through which a person may process or perceive the intellectual content of a resource, not including any adaptations of the content (e.g., text alternatives for images). Values should be drawn from the approved vocabulary.
`accessModeSufficient`	ItemList	A list of single or combined access modes that are sufficient to understand all the intellectual content of a resource, including any adaptations. Values should be drawn from the approved vocabulary.
`accessibilityAPI`	Text	Indicates that the resource is compatible with the referenced accessibility API. Values should be drawn from the approved vocabulary.
`accessibilityControl`	Text	Identifies input methods that are sufficient to fully control the described resource. Values should be drawn from the approved vocabulary.
`accessibilityFeature`	Text	Content features of the resource, such as accessible media, alternatives and supported enhancements for accessibility. Values should be drawn from the approved vocabulary.
`accessibilityHazard`	Text	A characteristic of the described resource that is physiologically dangerous to some users. Related to WCAG 2.0 guideline 2.3. Values should be drawn from the approved vocabulary.
`accessibilitySummary`	Text	A human-readable summary of specific accessibility features or deficiencies, consistent with the other accessibility metadata but expressing subtleties such as "short descriptions are present but long descriptions will be needed for non-visual users" or "short descriptions are present and no long descriptions are needed".
`accountablePerson`	Person	Specifies the Person that is legally accountable for the CreativeWork.
`acquireLicensePage`	CreativeWork or URL	Indicates a page documenting how licenses can be purchased or otherwise acquired, for the current item.
`aggregateRating`	AggregateRating	The overall rating, based on a collection of reviews or ratings, of the item.
`alternativeHeadline`	Text	A secondary title of the CreativeWork.
`archivedAt`	URL or WebPage	Indicates a page or other link involved in archival of a CreativeWork. In the case of MediaReview, the items in a MediaReviewItem may often become inaccessible, but be archived by archival, journalistic, activist, or law enforcement organizations. In such cases, the referenced page may not directly publish the content.
`assesses`	DefinedTerm or Text	The item being described is intended to assess the competency or learning outcome defined by the referenced term.
`associatedMedia`	MediaObject	A media object that encodes this CreativeWork. This property is a synonym for encoding.
`audience`	Audience	An intended audience, i.e. a group for whom something was created. Supersedes serviceAudience.
`audio`	AudioObject or Clip or MusicRecording	An embedded audio object.
`author`	Organization or Person	The author of this content or rating. Please note that author is special in that HTML 5 provides a special mechanism for indicating authorship via the rel tag. That is equivalent to this and may be used interchangeably.
`award`	Text	An award won by or for this item. Supersedes awards.
`character`	Person	Fictional person connected with a creative work.
`citation`	CreativeWork or Text	A citation or reference to another creative work, such as another publication, web page, scholarly article, etc.
`comment`	Comment	Comments, typically from users.
`commentCount`	Integer	The number of comments this CreativeWork (e.g. Article, Question or Answer) has received. This is most applicable to works published in Web sites with commenting system; additional comments may exist elsewhere.
`conditionsOfAccess`	Text	Conditions that affect the availability of, or method(s) of access to, an item. Typically used for real world items such as an ArchiveComponent held by an ArchiveOrganization. This property is not suitable for use as a general Web access control mechanism. It is expressed only in natural language. For example "Available by appointment from the Reading Room" or "Accessible only from logged-in accounts ".
`contentLocation`	Place	The location depicted or described in the content. For example, the location in a photograph or painting.
`contentRating`	Rating or Text	Official rating of a piece of content—for example, 'MPAA PG-13'.
`contentReferenceTime`	DateTime	The specific time described by a creative work, for works (e.g. articles, video objects etc.) that emphasise a particular moment within an Event.
`contributor`	Organization or Person	A secondary contributor to the CreativeWork or Event.
`copyrightHolder`	Organization or Person	The party holding the legal copyright to the CreativeWork.
`copyrightNotice`	Text	Text of a notice appropriate for describing the copyright aspects of this Creative Work, ideally indicating the owner of the copyright for the Work.
`copyrightYear`	Number	The year during which the claimed copyright for the CreativeWork was first asserted.
`correction`	CorrectionComment or Text or URL	Indicates a correction to a CreativeWork, either via a CorrectionComment, textually or in another document.
`countryOfOrigin`	Country	The country of origin of something, including products as well as creative works such as movie and TV content. In the case of TV and movie, this would be the country of the principle offices of the production company or individual responsible for the movie. For other kinds of CreativeWork it is difficult to provide fully general guidance, and properties such as contentLocation and locationCreated may be more applicable. In the case of products, the country of origin of the product. The exact interpretation of this may vary by context and product type, and cannot be fully enumerated here.
`creativeWorkStatus`	DefinedTerm or Text	The status of a creative work in terms of its stage in a lifecycle. Example terms include Incomplete, Draft, Published, Obsolete. Some organizations define a set of terms for the stages of their publication lifecycle.
`creator`	Organization or Person	The creator/author of this CreativeWork. This is the same as the Author property for CreativeWork.
`creditText`	Text	Text that can be used to credit person(s) and/or organization(s) associated with a published Creative Work.
`dateCreated`	Date or DateTime	The date on which the CreativeWork was created or the item was added to a DataFeed.
`dateModified`	Date or DateTime	The date on which the CreativeWork was most recently modified or when the item's entry was modified within a DataFeed.
`datePublished`	Date or DateTime	Date of first publication or broadcast. For example the date a CreativeWork was broadcast or a Certification was issued.
`digitalSourceType`	IPTCDigitalSourceEnumeration	Indicates an IPTCDigitalSourceEnumeration code indicating the nature of the digital source(s) for some CreativeWork.
`discussionUrl`	URL	A link to the page containing the comments of the CreativeWork.
`displayLocation`	Place	The location at which an item can be viewed or experienced in-person.
`editEIDR`	Text or URL	An EIDR (Entertainment Identifier Registry) identifier representing a specific edit / edition for a work of film or television. For example, the motion picture known as "Ghostbusters" whose titleEIDR is "10.5240/7EC7-228A-510A-053E-CBB8-J" has several edits, e.g. "10.5240/1F2A-E1C5-680A-14C6-E76B-I" and "10.5240/8A35-3BEE-6497-5D12-9E4F-3". Since schema.org types like Movie and TVEpisode can be used for both works and their multiple expressions, it is possible to use titleEIDR alone (for a general description), or alongside editEIDR for a more edit-specific description.
`editor`	Person	Specifies the Person who edited the CreativeWork.
`educationalAlignment`	AlignmentObject	An alignment to an established educational framework. This property should not be used where the nature of the alignment can be described using a simple property, for example to express that a resource teaches or assesses a competency.
`educationalLevel`	DefinedTerm or Text or URL	The level in terms of progression through an educational or training context. Examples of educational levels include 'beginner', 'intermediate' or 'advanced', and formal sets of level indicators.
`educationalUse`	DefinedTerm or Text	The purpose of a work in the context of education; for example, 'assignment', 'group work'.
`encoding`	MediaObject	A media object that encodes this CreativeWork. This property is a synonym for associatedMedia. Supersedes encodings. Inverse property: encodesCreativeWork
`encodingFormat`	Text or URL	Media type typically expressed using a MIME format (see IANA site and MDN reference), e.g. application/zip for a SoftwareApplication binary, audio/mpeg for .mp3 etc. In cases where a CreativeWork has several media type representations, encoding can be used to indicate each MediaObject alongside particular encodingFormat information. Unregistered or niche encoding and file formats can be indicated instead via the most appropriate URL, e.g. defining Web page or a Wikipedia/Wikidata entry. Supersedes fileFormat.
`exampleOfWork`	CreativeWork	A creative work that this work is an example/instance/realization/derivation of. Inverse property: workExample
`expires`	Date or DateTime	Date the content expires and is no longer useful or available. For example a VideoObject or NewsArticle whose availability or relevance is time-limited, a ClaimReview fact check whose publisher wants to indicate that it may no longer be relevant (or helpful to highlight) after some date, or a Certification the validity has expired.
`funder`	Organization or Person	A person or organization that supports (sponsors) something through some kind of financial contribution.
`funding`	Grant	A Grant that directly or indirectly provide funding or sponsorship for this item. See also ownershipFundingInfo. Inverse property: fundedItem
`genre`	DefinedTerm or Text or URL	Genre of the creative work, broadcast channel or group.
`hasPart`	CreativeWork	Indicates an item or CreativeWork that is part of this item, or CreativeWork (in some sense). Inverse property: isPartOf
`headline`	Text	Headline of the article.
`inLanguage`	Language or Text	The language of the content or performance or used in an action. Please use one of the language codes from the IETF BCP 47 standard. See also availableLanguage. Supersedes language.
`interactionStatistic`	InteractionCounter	The number of interactions for the CreativeWork using the WebSite or SoftwareApplication. The most specific child type of InteractionCounter should be used. Supersedes interactionCount.
`interactivityType`	Text	The predominant mode of learning supported by the learning resource. Acceptable values are 'active', 'expositive', or 'mixed'.
`interpretedAsClaim`	Claim	Used to indicate a specific claim contained, implied, translated or refined from the content of a MediaObject or other CreativeWork. The interpreting party can be indicated using claimInterpreter.
`isAccessibleForFree`	Boolean	A flag to signal that the item, event, or place is accessible for free. Supersedes free.
`isBasedOn`	CreativeWork or Product or URL	A resource from which this work is derived or from which it is a modification or adaptation. Supersedes isBasedOnUrl.
`isFamilyFriendly`	Boolean	Indicates whether this content is family friendly.
`isPartOf`	CreativeWork or URL	Indicates an item or CreativeWork that this item, or CreativeWork (in some sense), is part of. Inverse property: hasPart
`keywords`	DefinedTerm or Text or URL	Keywords or tags used to describe some item. Multiple textual entries in a keywords list are typically delimited by commas, or by repeating the property.
`learningResourceType`	DefinedTerm or Text	The predominant type or kind characterizing the learning resource. For example, 'presentation', 'handout'.
`license`	CreativeWork or URL	A license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.
`locationCreated`	Place	The location where the CreativeWork was created, which may not be the same as the location depicted in the CreativeWork.
`mainEntity`	Thing	Indicates the primary entity described in some page or other CreativeWork. Inverse property: mainEntityOfPage
`maintainer`	Organization or